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    "documentation": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14918287",
    "release_date": "2025-08-20T00:00:00",
    "funder": "https://doi.org/10.13039/501100003246",
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    "date": "2026-11-05T00:00:00",
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    {
      "project_id": "VI.Vidi.193.048",
      "title": "Quantum Geometry: spacetime at the tiniest of scales",
      "funding_scheme_id": 3990,
      "funding_scheme": "NWO-Talentprogramma Vidi ENW 2019",
      "department": "Exacte en Natuurwetenschappen",
      "sub_department": "Exacte en Natuurwetenschappen",
      "start_date": "2021-04-01T00:00:00",
      "reporting_year": 2020,
      "summary_nl": "Ranging from submillimeter to cosmological scales the gravitational interaction is accurately accounted for by the dynamical geometry of spacetime, governed by the classical laws of general relativity. Extrapolating this geometric picture to arbitrarily small scales, where quantum fluctuations become dominant, poses one of the greatest challenges in science. The challenge involves the formulation of mathematically precise answers to some of the most fundamental questions about the universe we live in.\n\n\n\n- What is the physics of spacetime at the tiniest of scales? \n\n- Does a consistent description require degrees of freedom that are fundamentally non-geometric or does a quantum theory of geometry suffice?\n\n- How does the microscopic quantum dynamics account for the emergence at large scales of our smooth, four-dimensional universe as we know it?\n\n\n\nThis proposal formulates a new but surprisingly mundane approach to answering these questions. Although field theoretic attempts have long been hampered by the perturbative nonrenormalizability of the gravitational interaction, recent advances in Functional Renormalization Group methods and lattice simulations have found compelling evidence that the purely geometric description of spacetime can be consistently extrapolated to arbitrarily small scales. We aim to construct explicit realizations of this scenario, in which one  has to take for granted that spacetime geometry at the smallest scales is radically different from its macroscopic counterpart and displays self-similar fractal-like properties, where even spacetime dimensionality has to be reassessed. To deal with these quantum characteristics the project builds and extends upon methods that have proven their success in the rapidly-developing mathematical field of random geometry, but that have yet to find their way to high-energy physics. The proposed research programs stands out in its computational concreteness, combining rigorous analytic methods with numerical simulations.",
      "summary_en": "Ranging from submillimeter to cosmological scales the gravitational interaction is accurately accounted for by the dynamical geometry of spacetime, governed by the classical laws of general relativity. Extrapolating this geometric picture to arbitrarily small scales, where quantum fluctuations become dominant, poses one of the greatest challenges in science. The challenge involves the formulation of mathematically precise answers to some of the most fundamental questions about the universe we live in.\n\n\n\n- What is the physics of spacetime at the tiniest of scales? \n\n- Does a consistent description require degrees of freedom that are fundamentally non-geometric or does a quantum theory of geometry suffice?\n\n- How does the microscopic quantum dynamics account for the emergence at large scales of our smooth, four-dimensional universe as we know it?\n\n\n\nThis proposal formulates a new but surprisingly mundane approach to answering these questions. Although field theoretic attempts have long been hampered by the perturbative nonrenormalizability of the gravitational interaction, recent advances in Functional Renormalization Group methods and lattice simulations have found compelling evidence that the purely geometric description of spacetime can be consistently extrapolated to arbitrarily small scales. We aim to construct explicit realizations of this scenario, in which one  has to take for granted that spacetime geometry at the smallest scales is radically different from its macroscopic counterpart and displays self-similar fractal-like properties, where even spacetime dimensionality has to be reassessed. To deal with these quantum characteristics the project builds and extends upon methods that have proven their success in the rapidly-developing mathematical field of random geometry, but that have yet to find their way to high-energy physics. The proposed research programs stands out in its computational concreteness, combining rigorous analytic methods with numerical simulations.",
      "award_amount": 799825,
      "grant_id": "https://doi.org/10.61686/RGXZI58940",
      "summary_updates": [
        {
          "submission_date": "2023-10-31T17:00:31",
          "update_en": "Based on our best understanding of gravity and quantum theory, we expect the geometry of spacetime at the tiniest scales to behave very differently from the smooth fabric physicists are accustomed to on macroscopic scales. Modelling such geometry, starting in toy settings with reduced dimensionality, calls for new mathematical techniques and numerical methods. Our work in random geometry operates at the interface of mathematics and physics and employs methods in probability, combinatorics and geometry to get our hands on explicit models, that are tested for their potential to describe microscopic gravitational phenomena.",
          "update_nl": "Gebaseerd op ons huidige begrip van de zwaartekracht en kwantummechanica, verwachten we dat de geometrie van de ruimtetijd zich op de kleinste schaal heel anders gedraagt dan het gladde weefsel dat natuurkundigen gewend zijn op macroscopische schalen. Het modelleren van dergelijke geometrie, te beginnen in speelgoedomgevingen met gereduceerde dimensionaliteit, vraagt om nieuwe wiskundige technieken en numerieke methoden. Ons werk in de stochastische meetkunde opereert op het grensvlak van de wiskunde en natuurkunde en maakt gebruik van methodes uit de kansrekening, combinatoriek en meetkunde om expliciete modellen te construeren, die we kunnen testen op hun potentieel om microscopische gravitatieverschijnselen te beschrijven."
        },
        {
          "submission_date": "2026-10-01T13:12:22",
          "update_en": "During the project we developed the methods necessary to construct and analyse toy models of spacetime geometry in the quantum regime. Combining techniques in probability, combinatorics and geometry with recent ideas in quantum gravity and numerical simulations, we successfully identified novel universality classes of random geometry and studied their metric properties.",
          "update_nl": "Gedurende dit project hebben we de methoden ontwikkeld die nodig zijn om speelgoedmodellen van de ruimtetijdgeometrie op kwantumniveau op te stellen en te analyseren. Door technieken uit de kansrekening, combinatoriek en meetkunde te combineren met recente ideeën op het gebied van de  kwantumzwaartekracht en numerieke simulaties, zijn we erin geslaagd nieuwe universaliteitsklassen van willekeurige geometrie te identificeren en hun metrische eigenschappen te bestuderen."
        }
      ],
      "project_members": [
        {
          "role": "Researcher",
          "member_id": 374048,
          "last_name": "Budd",
          "degree_pre_nominal": "dr.",
          "initials": "T.G.",
          "first_name": "Timothy",
          "organisation": "Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen||Faculteit der Natuurwetenschappen, Wiskunde en Informatica||Institute for Mathematics, Astrophysics and Particle Physics (IMAPP)",
          "organisation_id": 73889,
          "ror": "https://ror.org/016xsfp80",
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          "role": "Researcher",
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          "last_name": "Zonneveld",
          "initials": "B.",
          "first_name": "Bart",
          "organisation": "Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen||Faculteit der Natuurwetenschappen, Wiskunde en Informatica||Institute for Mathematics, Astrophysics and Particle Physics (IMAPP)",
          "organisation_id": 73889,
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        {
          "role": "Researcher",
          "member_id": 516423,
          "last_name": "Németh",
          "initials": "D.",
          "first_name": "Dániel",
          "organisation": "Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen||Faculteit der Natuurwetenschappen, Wiskunde en Informatica||Institute for Mathematics, Astrophysics and Particle Physics (IMAPP)||High Energy Physics",
          "organisation_id": 72939,
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          "active": false
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          "last_name": "Budd",
          "degree_pre_nominal": "dr.",
          "initials": "T.G.",
          "first_name": "Timothy",
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          "last_name": "Budd",
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          "initials": "T.G.",
          "first_name": "Timothy",
          "organisation": "Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen||Faculteit der Natuurwetenschappen, Wiskunde en Informatica||Institute for Mathematics, Astrophysics and Particle Physics (IMAPP)||High Energy Physics",
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