{ "meta": { "api_type": "NWO Projects API", "version": "1.0.2", "licence": { "name": "CC0 1.0 Universal", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0", "description": "To the extent possible under law, all copyright and related or neighbouring rights have been waived worldwide to the data made available through this API." }, "documentation": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14918287", "release_date": "2025-08-20T00:00:00", "funder": "https://doi.org/10.13039/501100003246", "ror_id": "https://ror.org/04jsz6e67", "date": "2026-11-04T00:00:00", "count": 1, "per_page": 100, "pages": 1, "page": 1 }, "projects": [ { "project_id": "SG-07-030", "title": "Event-based simulation of quantum phenomena", "funding_scheme_id": 2266, "funding_scheme": "Rekentijd nationale computersystemen Rekentijd nationale computersystemen 2007 EW", "department": "Exacte en Natuurwetenschappen", "sub_department": "Exacte Wetenschappen", "start_date": "2007-02-15T00:00:00", "end_date": "2008-02-08T00:00:00", "reporting_year": 2007, "summary_nl": "Recent advances in nanotechnology are paving the way to attain control over individual microscopic objects [1-5]. The ability to prepare, manipulate, couple and measure single microscopic systems facilitate the study of single quantum systems at the level of individual events. Such experiments address the most fundamental aspects of quantum theory. Indeed, quantum theory gives us only a recipe to compute the frequencies for observing events but it does not describe individual events, such as the arrival of a single electron at a particular position on the detection screen [6-8]. Reconciling the mathematical formalism (that does not describe single events) with the experimental fact that each observation yields a definite outcome is often referred to as the quantum measurement paradox. This is the most fundamental problem in the foundation of quantum theory [6,7,10]. In view of this, it is not a surprise that some of the most fundamental experiments in quantum physics have not been simulated in the event-by-event manner in which the experimental observations are actually recorded. One well-known example is the two-slit experiment in which the individual electrons build up the interference pattern one-by-one [8]. Another example is the\n\nsingle-photon beam splitter and Mach-Zehnder interferometer experiment [12]. Within the standard formalism of quantum theory no algorithm has been found to perform an event-based\n\nsimulation of definite individual outcomes in quantum experiments.\n\n", "summary_en": "Recent advances in nanotechnology are paving the way to attain control over individual microscopic objects [1-5]. The ability to prepare, manipulate, couple and measure single microscopic systems facilitate the study of single quantum systems at the level of individual events. Such experiments address the most fundamental aspects of quantum theory. Indeed, quantum theory gives us only a recipe to compute the frequencies for observing events but it does not describe individual events, such as the arrival of a single electron at a particular position on the detection screen [6-8]. Reconciling the mathematical formalism (that does not describe single events) with the experimental fact that each observation yields a definite outcome is often referred to as the quantum measurement paradox. This is the most fundamental problem in the foundation of quantum theory [6,7,10]. In view of this, it is not a surprise that some of the most fundamental experiments in quantum physics have not been simulated in the event-by-event manner in which the experimental observations are actually recorded. One well-known example is the two-slit experiment in which the individual electrons build up the interference pattern one-by-one [8]. Another example is the\n\nsingle-photon beam splitter and Mach-Zehnder interferometer experiment [12]. Within the standard formalism of quantum theory no algorithm has been found to perform an event-based\n\nsimulation of definite individual outcomes in quantum experiments.\n\n", "project_members": [ { "role": "Project leader", "member_id": 106388, "last_name": "Raedt", "degree_pre_nominal": "prof. dr.", "initials": "H.A.", "first_name": "Hans", "prefix": "de", "organisation": "Rijksuniversiteit Groningen||Faculty of Science and Engineering (FSE)||Centrum voor Theoretische Natuurkunde", "organisation_id": 75688, "ror": "https://ror.org/012p63287", "active": false }, { "role": "Main Applicant", "member_id": 106388, "last_name": "Raedt", "degree_pre_nominal": "prof. dr.", "initials": "H.A.", "first_name": "Hans", "prefix": "de", "organisation": "Rijksuniversiteit Groningen||Faculty of Science and Engineering (FSE)||Optical Condensed Matter Physics", "organisation_id": 73767, "ror": "https://ror.org/012p63287", "active": true } ], "products": [ { "title": "Massive Parallel Quantum Computer Simulator", "year": 2007, "type": "Wetenschappelijk artikel", "authors": [ { "last_name": "Raedt", "initials": "H.A.", "first_name": "Hans", "prefix": "de", "role": "Auteur", "index_number": 1 }, { "last_name": "Michielsen", "initials": "K.F.L.", "first_name": "Kristel Francine Lucia", "role": "Auteur", "index_number": 2 }, { "last_name": "Raedt", "initials": "B.", "prefix": "de", "role": "Auteur", "index_number": 3 }, { "last_name": "Arnold", "initials": "M.", "role": "Auteur", "index_number": 4 }, { "last_name": "Trieu", "initials": "G.", "role": "Auteur", "index_number": 5 }, { "last_name": "Richter", "initials": "M.", "role": "Auteur", "index_number": 6 }, { "last_name": "Lippert", "initials": "Th.", "role": "Auteur", "index_number": 7 }, { "last_name": "Watanabe", "initials": "H.", "role": "Auteur", "index_number": 8 } ] }, { "title": "A local realist model for correlations of the singlet state", "year": 2007, "type": "Wetenschappelijk artikel", "authors": [ { "last_name": "Raedt", "initials": "H.A.", "first_name": "Hans", "prefix": "de", "role": "Auteur", "index_number": 1 }, { "last_name": "Michielsen", "initials": "K.", "role": "Auteur", "index_number": 2 }, { "last_name": "Miyashita", "initials": "S.", "role": "Auteur", "index_number": 3 }, { "last_name": "Keimpema", "initials": "K.", "role": "Auteur", "index_number": 4 } ] }, { "title": "Event-based computer simulation model of Aspect-type experiments shictly satisfying Einstein's locality condition", "year": 2007, "type": "Wetenschappelijk artikel", "authors": [ { "last_name": "Raedt", "initials": "H.A.", "first_name": "Hans", "prefix": "de", "role": "Auteur", "index_number": 1 }, { "last_name": "Raedt", "initials": "K.", "prefix": "de", "role": "Auteur", "index_number": 2 }, { "last_name": "Miechielsen", "initials": "K.", "role": "Auteur", "index_number": 3 }, { "last_name": "Keimpema", "initials": "K.", "role": "Auteur", "index_number": 4 }, { "last_name": "Miyashita", "initials": "S.", "role": "Auteur", "index_number": 5 } ] }, { "title": "A colorful world", "year": 2007, "type": "Overige Output", "authors": [ { "last_name": "Raedt", "initials": "H.A.", "first_name": "Hans", "prefix": "de", "role": "Maker", "index_number": 1 } ] }, { "title": "Computer Simulation of Einstein-Podo1sS.-Rosen-Bohm\nexperiments with photons", "year": 2007, "type": "Overige Output", "authors": [ { "last_name": "Raedt", "initials": "H.A.", "first_name": "Hans", "prefix": "de", "role": "Maker", "index_number": 1 } ] }, { "title": "Relaxation and decoherence in quantum spin systems", "year": 2007, "type": "Overige Output", "authors": [ { "last_name": "Raedt", "initials": "H.A.", "first_name": "Hans", "prefix": "de", "role": "Maker", "index_number": 1 } ] }, { "title": "Unified Framework For Numerical Algorithms 10 Solve Ihe\nTime-dependent Maxwell Equations", "year": 2007, "type": "Overige Output", "authors": [ { "last_name": "Raedt", "initials": "H.A.", "first_name": "Hans", "prefix": "de", "role": "Maker", "index_number": 1 } ] }, { "title": "A computer program to simulate the Einstein-PodolskyRosen-Bohm experiment with photons", "year": 2007, "type": "Wetenschappelijk artikel", "authors": [ { "last_name": "Raedt", "initials": "H.A.", "first_name": "Hans", "prefix": "de", "role": "Auteur", "index_number": 2 }, { "last_name": "Raedt", "initials": "K.", "prefix": "de", "role": "Auteur", "index_number": 1 }, { "last_name": "Michielsen", "initials": "K.", "role": "Auteur", "index_number": 3 } ] }, { "title": "Domain-wal1 dynamics nea a quantum critica1 point", "year": 2007, "type": "Wetenschappelijk artikel", "authors": [ { "last_name": "Raedt", "initials": "H.A.", "first_name": "Hans", "prefix": "de", "role": "Auteur", "index_number": 2 }, { "last_name": "Yyan", "initials": "S.", "role": "Auteur", "index_number": 1 }, { "last_name": "Miyashita", "initials": "S.", "role": "Auteur", "index_number": 3 } ] }, { "title": "Event-by-event Simulation of Quantum Cryptography\nProtocols", "year": 2008, "type": "Wetenschappelijk artikel", "authors": [ { "last_name": "Raedt", "initials": "H.A.", "first_name": "Hans", "prefix": "de", "role": "Auteur", "index_number": 2 }, { "last_name": "Zhao", "initials": "S.", "role": "Auteur", "index_number": 1 } ] }, { "title": "Evolution of a quantum spin system to its ground state: Role of entanglement and interaction symmetry", "year": 2007, "type": "Wetenschappelijk artikel", "authors": [ { "last_name": "Raedt", "initials": "H.A.", "first_name": "Hans", "prefix": "de", "role": "Auteur", "index_number": 3 }, { "last_name": "Katsnelson", "initials": "M.I.", "first_name": "Mikhail", "role": "Auteur", "index_number": 2 }, { "last_name": "Yuan", "initials": "S.", "role": "Auteur", "index_number": 1 } ] }, { "title": "Relaxation and decoherence in quanturn spin system", "year": 2007, "type": "Overige Output", "authors": [ { "last_name": "Raedt", "initials": "H.A.", "first_name": "Hans", "prefix": "de", "role": "Maker", "index_number": 3 }, { "last_name": "Katsnelson", "initials": "M.I.", "first_name": "Mikhail", "role": "Maker", "index_number": 2 }, { "last_name": "Yuan", "initials": "S.", "role": "Maker", "index_number": 1 } ] }, { "title": "Event-based simulation of EPRB experiments with non-orthogonal detection planes", "year": 2007, "type": "Overige Output", "authors": [ { "last_name": "Jin", "initials": "F.", "role": "Maker", "index_number": 1 } ] } ] } ] }