{ "meta": { "api_type": "NWO Projects API", "version": "1.0.2", "licence": { "name": "CC0 1.0 Universal", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0", "description": "To the extent possible under law, all copyright and related or neighbouring rights have been waived worldwide to the data made available through this API." }, "documentation": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14918287", "release_date": "2025-08-20T00:00:00", "funder": "https://doi.org/10.13039/501100003246", "ror_id": "https://ror.org/04jsz6e67", "date": "2026-11-05T00:00:00", "count": 1, "per_page": 100, "pages": 1, "page": 1 }, "projects": [ { "project_id": "680-50-0906", "title": "What does Information Loss teach us about Quantum Gravity?", "funding_scheme_id": 163, "funding_scheme": "Rubicon bètawetenschappen 2009 N", "department": "Exacte en Natuurwetenschappen", "sub_department": "Natuurkunde", "start_date": "2010-12-01T00:00:00", "end_date": "2012-11-30T00:00:00", "reporting_year": 2009, "summary_nl": "Naïve quantum mechanics, neglecting quantum gravity, suggests that black holes bleed away their mass via thermal radiation emitted from their horizons (boundaries). If true this implies that information is lost as all in-falling matter is eventually converted into featureless radiation. Since information should not be lost in a fundamental theory, quantum gravity effects must modify the black hole's structure all the way to its boundary. This fundamentally challenges our understanding of quantum gravity. Resolving this puzzle will yield new conceptual lessons in quantum gravity whose repercussions will be very broad, affecting our understanding of the big bang and cosmology.\n\nWe propose to extend a vibrant program aimed at resolving this puzzle. Black holes are known to be thermodynamic averages over a large number of quantum ?microstates?. Understanding the spacetime structure of the generic state (which dominates the average) will reveal the black hole's quantum structure. By developing novel techniques to quantize huge families of classical solutions we intend to find generic states and determine their heretofore mysterious structure. We will also use a powerful dual formulation of black hole states in a simpler, non-gravitational theory to study them in a way that would not be possible directly in gravity. ", "summary_en": "Naïve quantum mechanics, neglecting quantum gravity, suggests that black holes bleed away their mass via thermal radiation emitted from their horizons (boundaries). If true this implies that information is lost as all in-falling matter is eventually converted into featureless radiation. Since information should not be lost in a fundamental theory, quantum gravity effects must modify the black hole's structure all the way to its boundary. This fundamentally challenges our understanding of quantum gravity. Resolving this puzzle will yield new conceptual lessons in quantum gravity whose repercussions will be very broad, affecting our understanding of the big bang and cosmology.\n\nWe propose to extend a vibrant program aimed at resolving this puzzle. Black holes are known to be thermodynamic averages over a large number of quantum ?microstates?. Understanding the spacetime structure of the generic state (which dominates the average) will reveal the black hole's quantum structure. By developing novel techniques to quantize huge families of classical solutions we intend to find generic states and determine their heretofore mysterious structure. We will also use a powerful dual formulation of black hole states in a simpler, non-gravitational theory to study them in a way that would not be possible directly in gravity. ", "project_members": [ { "role": "Project leader", "member_id": 213059, "last_name": "El-Showk", "degree_post_nominal": "MSc", "initials": "S.", "first_name": "Sheer", "organisation": "Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)||Institut de Physique Théorique||Direction des Sciences de la Matière", "organisation_id": 49602, "ror": "-", "active": false }, { "role": "Researcher", "member_id": 213059, "last_name": "El-Showk", "degree_post_nominal": "MSc", "initials": "S.", "first_name": "Sheer", "organisation": "Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)||Institut de Physique Théorique||Direction des Sciences de la Matière", "organisation_id": 49602, "ror": "-", "active": false }, { "role": "Main Applicant", "member_id": 213059, "last_name": "El-Showk", "degree_post_nominal": "MSc", "initials": "S.", "first_name": "Sheer", "organisation": "Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)||Institut de Physique Théorique||Direction des Sciences de la Matière", "organisation_id": 49602, "ror": "-", "active": true } ], "products": [ { "title": "Emergent Spacetime and Holographic CFTs.", "year": 2012, "edition": "1210", "start": 1, "end": 91, "type": "Wetenschappelijk artikel", "url_open_access": "http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2FJHEP10%282012%29106", "journal_title": "JHEP", "authors": [ { "last_name": "El-Showk", "initials": "S", "first_name": "Sheer", "role": "Auteur", "index_number": 1 }, { "last_name": "Papadodimas", "initials": "K", "role": "Auteur", "index_number": 2 } ] }, { "title": "Solving the 3D Ising Model with the Conformal Bootstrap", "year": 2012, "edition": "86", "start": 1, "end": 17, "type": "Wetenschappelijk artikel", "journal_title": "Phys Rev D", "authors": [ { "last_name": "El-Showk", "initials": "S", "first_name": "Sheer", "role": "Auteur", "index_number": 1 }, { "last_name": "Paulos", "initials": "M", "role": "Auteur", "index_number": 2 }, { "last_name": "Poland", "initials": "D", "role": "Auteur", "index_number": 3 }, { "last_name": "Rychkov", "initials": "V", "role": "Auteur", "index_number": 4 }, { "last_name": "Simmons-Duffin", "initials": "D", "role": "Auteur", "index_number": 5 }, { "last_name": "Vichi", "initials": "A", "role": "Auteur", "index_number": 6 } ] }, { "title": "Bootstrapping Conformal Field Theories with the Extremal Functional Method", "year": 2012, "edition": "1211", "start": 1, "end": 28, "type": "Wetenschappelijk artikel", "journal_title": "arxiv (preprint server)", "authors": [ { "last_name": "El-Showk", "initials": "S", "first_name": "Sheer", "role": "Auteur", "index_number": 1 }, { "last_name": "Paulos", "initials": "M", "role": "Auteur", "index_number": 2 } ] }, { "title": "Kerr/CFT, dipole theories and nonrelativistic CFTs", "year": 2012, "edition": "1212", "start": 1, "end": 61, "type": "Wetenschappelijk artikel", "url_open_access": "http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2FJHEP12%282012%29009", "journal_title": "JHEP", "authors": [ { "last_name": "El-Showk", "initials": "S", "first_name": "Sheer", "role": "Auteur", "index_number": 1 }, { "last_name": "Guica", "initials": "M.", "role": "Auteur", "index_number": 2 } ] }, { "title": "What Maxwell Theory in D=4 teaches us about scale and conformal invariance.", "year": 2011, "edition": "848", "start": 578, "end": 593, "type": "Wetenschappelijk artikel", "journal_title": "Nucl. Phys., B", "authors": [ { "last_name": "El-Showk", "initials": "S", "first_name": "Sheer", "role": "Auteur", "index_number": 1 }, { "last_name": "Nakayama", "initials": "Y", "role": "Auteur", "index_number": 2 }, { "last_name": "Rychkov", "initials": "V", "role": "Auteur", "index_number": 3 } ] }, { "title": "Moulting Black Holes", "year": 2012, "edition": "1203", "start": 1, "end": 51, "type": "Wetenschappelijk artikel", "url_open_access": "http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2FJHEP03%282012%29094", "journal_title": "JHEP", "authors": [ { "last_name": "El-Showk", "initials": "S", "first_name": "Sheer", "role": "Auteur", "index_number": 4 }, { "last_name": "Bena", "initials": "I", "role": "Auteur", "index_number": 1 }, { "last_name": "de Boer", "initials": "J", "role": "Auteur", "index_number": 2 }, { "last_name": "Chowdhury", "initials": "B", "role": "Auteur", "index_number": 3 }, { "last_name": "Shigemori", "initials": "M", "role": "Auteur", "index_number": 5 } ] }, { "title": "Scaling BPS Solutions and pure-Higgs States.", "year": 2012, "edition": "1211", "start": 1, "end": 37, "type": "Wetenschappelijk artikel", "journal_title": "JHEP", "authors": [ { "last_name": "El-Showk", "initials": "S", "first_name": "Sheer", "role": "Auteur", "index_number": 4 }, { "last_name": "Bena", "initials": "I", "role": "Auteur", "index_number": 1 }, { "last_name": "Berkooz", "initials": "M", "role": "Auteur", "index_number": 2 }, { "last_name": "de Boer", "initials": "J", "role": "Auteur", "index_number": 3 }, { "last_name": "Van den Bleeken", "initials": "D", "role": "Auteur", "index_number": 5 } ] } ] } ] }