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    {
      "project_id": "680-47-552",
      "title": "Fault-tolerant protection of quantum states with spins in diamond",
      "funding_scheme_id": 2981,
      "funding_scheme": "NWO-Talentprogramma Vidi 2016 N",
      "department": "Exacte en Natuurwetenschappen",
      "sub_department": "Natuurkunde",
      "start_date": "2017-08-14T00:00:00",
      "end_date": "2022-08-13T00:00:00",
      "reporting_year": 2017,
      "summary_nl": "Quantum mechanical states enable a powerful and fundamentally new way to process information. However, quantum states are fragile and errors due to decoherence inevitably occur. Without a way to detect and correct these errors, large-scale quantum information processing is impossible.\n\n\n\nThe theory of quantum error correction predicts that quantum states can be protected, in principle, indefinitely. The key idea is fault tolerance: by encoding quantum states in multiple entangled qubits and actively correcting errors through careful measurements, the system can recover from any error affecting a single qubit. Then, provided that errors are sufficiently rare, the system can be made arbitrarily stable by increasing its size. Overcoming decoherence through fault tolerance is key to large-scale quantum technology. Whether this is possible in actual physical systems remains an open fundamental question.\n\n\n\nI propose a research program with the overarching goal to demonstrate active fault-tolerant protection of quantum states based on 9 nuclear spins in diamond at cryogenic temperatures. This goal is now within reach due to two recent advances by my team: (1) a novel method to control multiple nuclear spins and (2) non-destructive measurements and real-time feedback that enable the correction of errors. To realize the required precise manipulation of large entangled states of nuclear spins, I will develop a new microscopic understanding of decoherence of diamond spins, optimized quantum control for coupled spins, and precise non-destructive multi-qubit measurements. \n\n\n\nThe results of this research will provide experimental insights into the possibilities and limits of fault-tolerance and error correction under realistic noise. Additionally, the controlled multi-spin systems developed will provide a powerful building block for quantum networks that may enable large-scale quantum information processing.",
      "summary_en": "Quantum mechanical states enable a powerful and fundamentally new way to process information. However, quantum states are fragile and errors due to decoherence inevitably occur. Without a way to detect and correct these errors, large-scale quantum information processing is impossible.\n\n\n\nThe theory of quantum error correction predicts that quantum states can be protected, in principle, indefinitely. The key idea is fault tolerance: by encoding quantum states in multiple entangled qubits and actively correcting errors through careful measurements, the system can recover from any error affecting a single qubit. Then, provided that errors are sufficiently rare, the system can be made arbitrarily stable by increasing its size. Overcoming decoherence through fault tolerance is key to large-scale quantum technology. Whether this is possible in actual physical systems remains an open fundamental question.\n\n\n\nI propose a research program with the overarching goal to demonstrate active fault-tolerant protection of quantum states based on 9 nuclear spins in diamond at cryogenic temperatures. This goal is now within reach due to two recent advances by my team: (1) a novel method to control multiple nuclear spins and (2) non-destructive measurements and real-time feedback that enable the correction of errors. To realize the required precise manipulation of large entangled states of nuclear spins, I will develop a new microscopic understanding of decoherence of diamond spins, optimized quantum control for coupled spins, and precise non-destructive multi-qubit measurements. \n\n\n\nThe results of this research will provide experimental insights into the possibilities and limits of fault-tolerance and error correction under realistic noise. Additionally, the controlled multi-spin systems developed will provide a powerful building block for quantum networks that may enable large-scale quantum information processing.",
      "award_amount": 800000,
      "grant_id": "https://doi.org/10.61686/VQQDP64139",
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          "last_name": "Abobeih",
          "degree_pre_nominal": "dr. ir.",
          "initials": "M.H.M.A.",
          "first_name": "Mohamed",
          "organisation": "Technische Universiteit Delft||Faculteit Technische Natuurwetenschappen||NanoScience - Kavli Institute of Nanoscience Delft",
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          "initials": "T.H.",
          "first_name": "Tim",
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          "first_name": "Tim",
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